Uses - Objective - Case - Noun-Parts Of Speech-ESL/Learn English Grammar

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II. Uses of the Objective.
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59. The objective case is used as follows:--


(1) _As the direct object of a verb_, naming the person or thing

directly receiving the action of the verb: "Woodman, spare that

_tree_!"


(2) _As the indirect object of a verb_, naming the person or thing

indirectly affected by the action of the verb: "Give the _devil_ his

due."


(3) _Adverbially_, defining the action of a verb by denoting _time_,

_measure_, _distance_, etc. (in the older stages of the language, this

took the regular accusative inflection): "Full _fathom_ five thy

father lies;" "Cowards die many _times_ before their deaths."


(4) _As the second object_, completing the verb, and thus becoming

part of the predicate in acting upon an object: "Time makes the worst

enemies _friends_;" "Thou makest the storm a _calm_." In these

sentences the real predicates are _makes friends_, taking the object

_enemies_, and being equivalent to one verb, _reconciles_; and _makest

a calm_, taking the object _storm_, and meaning calmest. This is also

called the _predicate objective_ or the _factitive object_.


(5) _As the object of a preposition_, the word toward which the

preposition points, and which it joins to another word: "He must have

a long spoon that would eat with the _devil_."


The preposition sometimes takes the _possessive_ case of a noun, as

will be seen in Sec. 68.


(6) _In apposition with another objective_: "The opinions of this

junto were completely controlled by Nicholas Vedder, a _patriarch_ of

the village, and _landlord_ of the inn."





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