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Parse Nouns - Case - Noun-Parts Of Speech-ESL/Learn English Grammar

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HOW TO PARSE NOUNS
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69. Parsing a word is putting together all the facts about its

form and its relations to other words in the sentence.


In parsing, some idioms--the double possessive, for example--do not

come under regular grammatical rules, and are to be spoken of merely

as idioms.


70. Hence, in parsing a noun, we state,--


(1) The class to which it belongs,--common, proper, etc.


(2) Whether a neuter or a gender noun; if the latter, which gender.


(3) Whether singular or plural number.


(4) Its office in the sentence, determining its case.


[Sidenote: _The correct method._]


71. In parsing any word, the following method should always be

followed: tell the facts about what the word _does_, then make the

grammatical statements as to its class, inflections, and relations.



MODEL FOR PARSING


"What is bolder than a miller's neckcloth, which takes a thief by the

throat every morning?"


_Miller's_ is a name applied to every individual of its class, hence

it is a common noun; it is the name of a male being, hence it is a

gender noun, masculine; it denotes only one person, therefore

singular number; it expresses possession or ownership, and limits

_neckcloth_, therefore possessive case.


_Neckcloth_, like _miller's_, is a common class noun; it has no sex,

therefore neuter; names one thing, therefore singular number; subject

of the verb _is_ understood, and therefore nominative case.


_Thief_ is a common class noun; the connection shows a male is meant,

therefore masculine gender; singular number; object of the verb

_takes_, hence objective case.


_Throat_ is neuter, of the same class and number as the word

_neckcloth_; it is the object of the preposition _by_, hence it is

objective case.


NOTE.--The preposition sometimes takes the possessive case (see Sec.

68).


_Morning_ is like _throat_ and _neckcloth_ as to class, gender, and

number; as to case, it expresses time, has no governing word, but is

the adverbial objective.




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