International Phonetic Alphabet chart for English dialects
This concise chart shows the most common applications of the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) to represent English language pronunciations.
- AuE = Australian English
- CaE = Canadian English
- GA = General American
- IrE = Irish English
- NZE = New Zealand English
- RP = Received Pronunciation (England)
- ScE = Scottish English
- SAE = South African English
- SSE = Standard Singapore English
- WaE = Welsh English
Chart
- This chart lists the diaphonemes of English, in bold, followed by their most common phonetic values, in plain text. For the vowels, a separate phonetic value is given for each major dialect.
IPA | Lexical set | Examples | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dia- phoneme[1] | AuE[15] | CaE | GA[16][17] | IrE | NZE[18] | RP[19] | ScE | SAE | SSE | WaE | ||
IPA: English Vowels | ||||||||||||
æ | æ, æː[20] | æ | æ | ɑ/æ | ɛ | æ | a | æ | ɛ[21] | a | TRAP | lad, bad, cat[22] |
ɑː | aː | ɑ/ɒ | ɑ | ɑː | ɐː | ɑː | ɑː | ɑ[23] | aː | PALM | father | |
ɒ | ɔ | ɑ | ɒ | ɒ | ɔ | ɔ | ɔ | ɒ | LOT | not, wasp | ||
ɔː | oː | ɔ | ɔː | oː | ɔː | oː | ɒː | THOUGHT | law, caught[24], all, halt, talk | |||
ə | ə | ə | ə | ə | ɘ | ə | ə | ə | ə | ə | COMMA | about |
ɨ | ɪ̈ | ɪ̈ | ɪ | ɨ | ɨ | KIT | spotted | |||||
ɪ | ɪ | ɪ | ɪ | ɪ | ɪ | ɪ | ɪ, ə[25] | i, ɪ | ɪ | sit | ||
i | i | i | i | i | i | e, i | iˑ | i | iː | HAPPY | city | |
iː | iː | iː | iː | iː | iː | iː | FLEECE | see | ||||
eː | meat | |||||||||||
eɪ | æɪ | eɪ/e | eɪ | æe | eɪ | e | eɪ | e[26] | eː | FACE | date | |
ei | day, pain, whey, rein | |||||||||||
ɛ | e | ɛ | ɛ | ɛ | e | ɛ | ɛ | e | ɛ, e[27] | ɛ | DRESS | bed[28] |
ɜr | ɜː(ɹ) | ɝ/ɹ̩ | ɝ/ɹ̩ | ʌɹ[29] | ɵː(ɹ) | ɜː(ɹ) | ʌɾ[29] | øː(ɹ) | ə(ɹ) | ɜː(ɾ) | NURSE | burn |
ɛɹ[29] | ɛɾ[29] | herd, earth | ||||||||||
ɪɹ[29] | ɪɾ[29] | bird | ||||||||||
ər | ə(ɹ) | ɚ/ɹ̩ | ɚ/ɹ̩ | ɚ/ɹ | ɘ(ɹ) | ə(ɹ) | əɾ | ə(ɹ) | ə(ɾ) | LETTER | winner[30] | |
Dia- phoneme[1] | AuE | CaE | GA | IrE | NZE | RP | ScE | SAE | SSE | WaE | Lexical set | Examples |
ʌ | a | ʌ | ʌ | ɔ, ʊ | ɐ | ʌ | ʌ | ɐ | ɑ, ʌ | ɜ | STRUT | run, won, flood |
ʊ | ʊ | ʊ | ʊ | ʊ | ʊ | ʉ | ʊ | u | ʊ | FOOT | put | |
uː | hood | |||||||||||
uː | ʉː | u | u | ʉː | uː | ʉː | uː | GOOSE | through, you | |||
ɪu[31] | threw, yew | |||||||||||
juː | jʉː | (j)u | (j)u | juː | jʉː | juː | jʉ | ju | cute, dew, ewe | |||
aɪ | ɑe | aɪ ʌi[32] | aɪ, ʌi[32] | ɔɪ | ɑe | aɪ | əi | aː | ai, ɑ[33] | ai | PRICE | my, wise, high flight, mice |
ɔɪ | oɪ | ɔɪ | ɔɪ | ɒɪ, oɪ | oe | ɔɪ | oi | ɔɪ | ɔi | ɒi | CHOICE | boy, hoist |
oʊ | əʉ | oʊ/o | oʊ/o | oː | ɐʉ | əʊ | o | œʉ | o[34] | oː | GOAT | no, toe, soap |
ou | tow, soul, roll, cold, folk | |||||||||||
aʊ | æɔ | aʊ, ʌu[32] | aʊ | æu, ɛu | æo | aʊ | ɘʉ | ɑː | au | au | MOUTH | now, trout |
ɑr | aː(ɹ) | ɑɹ | ɑɹ | aːɹ | ɐː(ɹ) | ɑː(ɹ) | aɾ | ɑ(ɹ) | aː(ɾ) | START | arm, car | |
ɪər | ɪə(ɹ) | ɪɹ | i(ə)ɹ | ɪə(ɹ) | ɪə(ɹ) | iɾ | ɪə(ɹ) | jə(ɹ) | ɪə(ɾ) | NEAR | deer, here | |
ɛər | eː(ɹ) | ɛɹ | ɛɹ | eə(ɹ) | eə(ɹ)[35] | eɾ | ɛː(ɹ) | ɛ(ɹ) | ɛː(ɾ) | SQUARE | mare, there, bear | |
ɔr | oː(ɹ) | ɔɹ | ɔɹ | ɑɹ | oː(ɹ) | ɔː(ɹ) | ɔɾ | oː(ɹ) | ɔ(ɹ) | ɒː(ɾ) | NORTH | sort, warm |
ɔər | oɹ, ɔɹ | oːɹ | oɾ | oː(ɾ) | FORCE | tore, boar, port | ||||||
ʊər | ʊə(ɹ), ʉːə(ɹ) | ʊɹ | ʊɹ | ʊɐ(ɹ), ʉːɐ(ɹ) | ʊə(ɹ)[36] | uɾ | ʊə(ɹ) | wə(ɹ) | ʊə(ɾ) | CURE | tour, moor | |
jʊər | jʊə(ɹ), jʉːə(ɹ) | jʊɹ, jɝ | jʊɹ, jɝ | jʊɐ(ɹ), jʉːɐ(ɹ) | jʊə(ɹ), jɔː(ɹ) | juɾ | jʊə(ɹ), joː(ɹ) | jɔ(ɹ) | ɪʊə(ɾ) | pure, Europe | ||
Dia- phoneme[1] | AuE | CaE | GA | IrE | NZE | RP | ScE | SAE | SSE | WaE | Lexical set | Examples |
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