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Weak Verbs -d, -ed, -t, -de, -te, Irregular weak verbs - Parts Of Speech-ESL/Learn English Grammar

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WEAK VERBS


255. Those weak verbs which add _-d_ or _-ed_ to form the past tense and past participle, and have no change of vowel, are so easily
recognized as to need no special treatment. Some of them are already given as secondary forms of the strong verbs.

But the rest, which may be called irregular weak verbs, need some
attention and explanation.


256. The irregular weak verbs are divided into two classes,--

[Sidenote: _The two classes of irregular weak verbs._]

(1) Those which retain the _-d_ or _-t_ in the past tense, with some
change of form for the past tense and past participle.

(2) Those which end in _-d_ or _-t_, and have lost the ending which
formerly was added to this.

The old ending to verbs of Class II. was _-de_ or _-te_; as,--

     This worthi man ful wel his wit _bisette_ [used].--CHAUCER.

     Of smale houndes _hadde_ she, that sche _fedde_ With rosted
     flessh, or mylk and wastel breed.--_Id._

This ending has now dropped off, leaving some weak verbs with the same form throughout: as set, set, set; put, put, put.


257. Irregular Weak Verbs.--Class I.

  _Present Tense_.         _Past Tense_.             _Past Participle_.

  bereave                   bereft, bereave            bereft, bereaved
  beseech                   besought                   besought
  burn                      burned, burnt              burnt
  buy                       bought                     bought
  catch                     caught                     caught
  creep                     crept                      crept
  deal                      dealt                      dealt
  dream                     dreamt, dreamed            dreamt, dreamed
  dwell                     dwelt                      dwelt
  feel                      felt                       felt
  flee                      fled                       fled
  have                      had                        had (_once_ haved)
  hide                      hid                        hidden, hid
  keep                      kept                       kept
  kneel                     knelt                      knelt
  lay                       laid                       laid
  lean                      leaned, leant              leaned, leant
  leap                      leaped, leapt              leaped, leapt
  leave                     left                       left
  lose                      lost                       lost
  make                      made (_once_ maked)   made
  mean                      meant                      meant
  pay                       paid                       paid
  pen [inclose]             penned, pen                penned, pent
  say                       said                       said
  seek                      sought                     sought
  sell                      sold                       sold
  shoe                      shod                       shod
  sleep                     slept                      slept
  spell                     spelled, spelt             spelt
  spill                     spilt                      spilt
  stay                      staid, stayed              staid, stayed
  sweep                     swept                      swept
  teach                     taught                     taught
  tell                      told                       told
  think                     thought                    thought
  weep                      wept                       wept
  work                      worked, wrought            worked, wrought




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