Adjectives change in form to show comparison. This applies to Descriptive Adjectives and some Adjectives of Quantity or Number.
There are three Degrees of Comparison.
(i) An Adjective is said to be in the Positive Degree when no comparison is involved. (ii) It is said to be in the Comparative Degree when two things or persons are compared.
(iii) It is said to be in the Superlative Degree when it is used to compare more than two things or persons.
Positive: Krishnan is a rich man.
The first problem is difficult.
Comparative: Johan is richer than Abraham.
The second problem is more difficult than the first (one).
Superlative: Kennedy is the richest man in the village.
The third problem is the most difficult of all.
An Adjective in the Comparative Degree is normally followed by than and an Adjective in the Superlative Degree is normally preceded by the.
There are a few adjectives which are not generally used in the comparative and superlative degrees.
e. g., chief, major, perpetual, unique, unanimous, impossible etc.
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